A’zo va to‘qimalarda immunodepressantlar ta’sirida kuzatiladigan morfofunksional va immunogistokimyoviy o‘zgarishlar
Morphofunctional and immunohistochemical changes in organs and tissues under the influence of immunosuppressants
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This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of current data on morphofunctional and immunohistochemical changes in organs and tissues (liver, kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow) following the use of antineoplastic immunosuppressants of various pharmacological groups, including cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and azathioprine. The main mechanisms of toxicity are discussed: xenobiotic metabolism disturbances, activation of oxidative stress, induction of apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses, and fibrogenesis processes. Special attention is given to the role of immunohistochemical markers (Caspase-3, Ki-67, CD4, CD8, CD68, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β, 8-OHdG, 4-HNE, MDA) in detailing structural-functional changes and early diagnosis of drug-induced injuries.
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