Ligula intestinalis va Digramma interruptaning biologik va parazitologik xususiyatlari (adabiyotlar sharhi asosida)
Biological and parasitological characteristics of Ligula intestinalis and Digramma interrupta (based on a literature review)
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Abstract
This article analyzes the biological, ecological, and parasitological characteristics of the cestodes Ligula intestinalis and Digramma interrupta. The life cycle of the parasites, host–parasite relationships, mechanisms of pathogenic action, and factors of ecological adaptation are described on the basis of current scientific sources. Studies have shown that these cestodes cause morphophysiological and immunobiological changes in fish. The importance of molecular diagnostics and phylogenetic approaches for detecting infection is also substantiated. The data obtained are of significant scientific value for monitoring parasitic infections in fish populations and for improving ecological control strategies.
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