Qoraqalpog‘iston shimolida kuzgi bug‘doy agrotsenozlaridagi begona o‘tlar populyatsiyasining tur tarkibi hamda tarqalish dinamikasi

Abstract

The article analyzes the phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops and the floristic composition of weeds in Chimbay district, located in the northern zone of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. Chimbay district lies on the northern right bank of the Kegeyli canal and differs from other parts of the region in its specific soil and climatic conditions, degree of salinity, sum of effective temperatures during the growing season, amount of precipitation and relative air humidity. These microclimatic and edaphic factors directly affect the formation of weed populations in crop fields, their species diversity and distribution density. Phytosociological and agrobotanical studies showed that 52 weed species belonging to 15 families and 47 genera occur in the winter wheat fields of the district. Compared with winter wheat agrocenoses of the central and southern zones (16–17 families, 46–55 genera, 53–63 species), the number of weed species in the northern zone was found to be lower by 1 to 11. Analysis of biomorphological features and life forms showed that the bulk of weed infestation in the northern zone is formed by annual weeds, 59.6% (31 species), and perennials, 34.6% (18 species), while biennial species account for 5.8% (3 species). The data obtained provide a scientific and practical basis for proper planning of integrated pest management (IPM) measures aimed at increasing winter wheat yield and ensuring phytosanitary safety in the northern areas of Karakalpakstan.