Исследование влияния работы разработанной зубовой бороны на сохранение влаги в почве при использовании её для предпосевной обработки почвы

Abstract

This article discusses in detail the design, operating principle, and advantages of a newly improved light tooth harrow mounted on ski-shaped runners. The device was developed to determine its effect on soil moisture retention during pre-sowing soil tillage for cotton, operational quality, and the reduction of total motion resistance of the machine-tractor unit. The authors analyze the drawbacks of conventional “Zigzag” tooth harrows, which sink deeply into loose soil on plowed fields, form a massive soil ridge in front of them, and disrupt the field microrelief, thereby compromising the quality of the technological process. The proposed design, featuring working tools mounted on special runners, ensures smooth gliding over the soil surface, eliminating ridge formation and reducing energy expenditure. Based on experimental research conducted at the educational farm of the Karakalpak Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies, it was established that the content of fine soil fractions under 50 mm reached 82.4% after tillage with the developed harrow. Furthermore, soil moisture in the 0–10 cm horizon from sowing (16.7%) to the emergence of the first cotton seedlings (15.9%) remained at a high level, accounting for 95.2% of the initial value. The obtained data prove the high efficiency of using the developed tillage implement for preserving soil moisture and improving soil structure during the pre-sowing period.